Terminalia — 71 species
Botanical species in the genus Terminalia recorded in the PlantPeers database.
Terminalia amazonia
Terminalia amazonia
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of mainly lower elevations in the tropics, usually found from near sea level to below 1,000 metres but occasionally found as high as 2,000 metres near the Equator. Succeeds in a wide range of soils in the wild, including poor sands and clays, but avoiding drier sites
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Terminalia argentea
Terminalia argentea
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
Grows best in a sunny position. Established plants are drought tolerant.
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Terminalia arjuna
Terminalia arjuna
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A tree of dry to moist areas in the tropics. It grows best in areas where annual daytime annual temperatures are within the range 20 - 33°c, though it can tolerate 5 - 47°c. It can be killed by temperatures of -1°c.
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Terminalia arostrata
Terminalia arostrata
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A tree of lowland, dry tropical areas, where it is found at elevations up to 425 metres. It grows best in areas where annual daytime annual temperatures are within the range 22 - 38°c, though it can tolerate 12 - 45°c. It prefers a mean annual rainfall of 400 - 650mm, but tolerates 250 - 800mm.
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Terminalia australis
Terminalia australis
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
Grows best in a sunny position. A slow-growing plant, even when small. The tree is very susceptible to damage by ants, which attack and cut the young shoots for food.
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Terminalia avicennioides
Terminalia avicennioides
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A tree of the drier to fairly most regions of the tropics. It drier areas it can thrive with a mean annual rainfall of 500 - 1,000mm. Requires a sunny position.
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Terminalia bellirica
Terminalia bellirica
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
The plant has a wide ecological range, succeeding in tropical and subtropical climates, but does not grow above 600 m altitude. It is found at elevations up to 1,400 metres in China. In its natural area of distribution mean annual precipitation varies from 1,000 to over 3,000 mm.
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Terminalia brassii
Terminalia brassii
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of wet, lowland tropical areas, where it is found at elevations up to 600 metres. It grows best in areas where annual daytime annual temperatures are within the range 28 - 34°c, though it can tolerate 20 - 38°c. It prefers a mean annual rainfall of 3,000 - 4,000mm, but tolerates 2,000 - 5,000mm.
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Terminalia brownii
Terminalia brownii
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of dry to moist tropical areas, where it is usually found at elevations up to 600 metres but sometimes to 2,000 metres. It grows best in areas where annual daytime annual temperatures are within the range 14 - 24°c, though it can tolerate 7 - 32°c. It prefers a mean annual rainfall of 500 - 1,300mm, but tolerates 400 - 1,500mm.
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Terminalia calamansanai
Terminalia calamansanai
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of the lowland wet tropics, where it can be found at elevations up to 500 metres. It grows best in areas where the mean maximum and minimum annual temperatures are within the range 28 - 34°c, though it can tolerate 18 - 38°c. It prefers a mean annual rainfall in the range 3,000 - 4,000mm, though can tolerate from 2,000 - 5,000mm.
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Terminalia catappa
Terminalia catappa
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
Plants grow best in the lowland tropics at elevations below 800 metres. It grows best in areas where the mean maximum and minimum annual temperatures are within the range 21 - 32°c, though it can tolerate 10 - 36°c. It prefers a mean annual rainfall in the range 1,500 - 3,400mm, though can tolerate from 700 - 4,200mm.
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Terminalia chebula
Terminalia chebula
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
Succeeds in tropical and subtropical areas up to an elevation of 1,500 metres, exceptionally to 2,000 metres. It grows best in areas where the mean maximum and minimum annual temperatures are within the range 22 - 35°c, though it can tolerate 5 - 47°c. Plants are fairly tolerant to frost, but are killed by temperatures below -5°c.
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Terminalia citrina
Terminalia citrina
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
The fruits are similar to and often mistaken for the commercial myrobalans (Terminalia chebula).
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Terminalia dichotoma
Terminalia dichotoma
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
Succeeds in full sun and in partial shade. Prefers a moist to wet soil. Young plants have a rapid rate of growth.
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Terminalia elliptica
Terminalia elliptica
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A tree of the tropical lowlands, where it is found at elevations up to 1,000 metres. It grows best in areas where the mean maximum and minimum annual temperatures are within the range 22 - 35°c, though it can tolerate 5 - 48°c. It can be killed by temperatures of -1°c.
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Terminalia fagifolia
Terminalia fagifolia
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
As part of its range, this species grows in the 'Caatinga' dry forest region of northeast Brazil. The climate there is hot and dry, there are usually 6 to 11 months without rain each year. The mean annual rainfall varies from 250 - 1,000mm, and the mean annual temperature is from 24 - 26°c.
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Terminalia ferdinandiana
Terminalia ferdinandiana
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
Succeeds in any moderately fertile, well-drained soil in a sunny position. Found in the wild on red sands, sandy clay, black peat, sandstone, ironstone and granite soils. The fruit of this species could contain the highest concentration of vitamin C to be found in any fruit in the world.
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Terminalia glabrescens
Terminalia glabrescens
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
Grows best in a sunny position. Prefers a sandy, well-drained soil in the wild. Established plants are drought tolerant.
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Terminalia ivorensis
Terminalia ivorensis
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of the moist tropics, where it is found at elevations from sea level to 1,200 metres. It grows in areas where the mean annual temperature is in the range 20 - 33°c and the mean annual rainfall is 1,250 - 3,000 mm. It prefers climates with a dry season, but is also found in areas with year-round rainfall.
Full cultivation guide →Terminalia januarensis
Terminalia januarensis
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
Grows best in a sunny position. Found in the wild on moist but well-drained, clay soils. Young plants have a rapid rate of growth.
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Terminalia kaernbachii
Terminalia kaernbachii
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of the tropical lowlands, where it is found at elevations up to 1,000 metres. Plants can be found at elevations up to 1,300 metres, but do not fruit well at these higher elevations. Succeeds in any moderately fertile, well-drained soil in a sunny position.
Full cultivation guide →Terminalia latifolia
Terminalia latifolia
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of the moist tropics, where it is most commonly found at elevations from 300 - 600 metres. It is found in areas where the mean annual rainfall is 1,500mm or more.
Full cultivation guide →Terminalia litoralis
Terminalia litoralis
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
The plant can flower and produce fruit all year round - the flowers are fragrant.
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Terminalia lucida
Terminalia lucida
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
Succeeds in full sun and in dappled shade. Prefers a fertile, humus-rich soil. Succeeds in soils subject to seasonal inundation.
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Terminalia macroptera
Terminalia macroptera
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of drier areas in the tropics, it is found in areas with a mean annual rainfall of 700 - 1,500mm. Found on a range of soils in the wild, it can tolerate seasonal inundation of the soil and compacted soils. The tree has a deeply fissured corky bark that gives it a degree of fire resistance.
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Terminalia mameluco
Terminalia mameluco
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
Succeeds in full sun to moderate shade. Grows best in deep, fertile, moist soils. Young trees have a moderate rate of growth.
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Terminalia mantaly
Terminalia mantaly
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of the semi-arid to moist tropics, where it can be found at elevations up to 1,500 metres. It grows best in areas where the mean maximum and minimum annual temperatures are within the range 20 - 28°c, though it can tolerate 15 - 36°c. It prefers a mean annual rainfall in the range 500 - 1,200mm, though can tolerate from 300 - 1,500mm.
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Terminalia microcarpa
Terminalia microcarpa
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of the tropical lowlands, where it can be found at elevations up to 750 metres. It grows best in areas where the mean maximum and minimum annual temperatures are within the range 22 - 38°c, though it can tolerate 12 - 45°c. It prefers a mean annual rainfall in the range 850 - 1,900mm, though can tolerate from 600 - 2,100mm.
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Terminalia myriocarpa
Terminalia myriocarpa
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
Found at elevations up to 1,700 metres in the Himalayas. It grows best in areas where the mean maximum and minimum annual temperatures are within the range 22 - 32°c, though it can tolerate 7 - 39°c. It prefers a mean annual rainfall in the range 3,000 - 4,000mm, though it can tolerate from 2,000 - 5,500mm.
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Terminalia oblonga
Terminalia oblonga
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of the humid tropics, where it can be found at elevations up to 500 metres. It grows in areas where the annual temperature range is 24 to 35°c, and the mean annual rainfall varies from 1,500 - 3,500mm, either with or without a clearly defined dry season. Found in the wild in well-drained alluvial soils of lowlands and coastal plains.
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Terminalia oblongata
Terminalia oblongata
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of the semiarid to moist tropics, where it can be found at elevations up to 300 metres. It grows best in areas where the mean maximum and minimum annual temperatures are within the range 22 - 38°c, though it can tolerate 12 - 44°c. It prefers a mean annual rainfall in the range 600 - 850mm, though can tolerate from 400 - 950mm.
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Terminalia paniculata
Terminalia paniculata
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of the moist tropics. It grows best in areas where the mean maximum and minimum annual temperatures are within the range 22 - 30°c, though it can tolerate 13 - 39°c. It prefers a mean annual rainfall in the range 2,000 - 3,000mm, though can tolerate from 1,000 - 5,000mm.
Full cultivation guide →Terminalia phellocarpa
Terminalia phellocarpa
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
The fruits and seeds are distributed mainly by floodwater floating them through the forest.
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Terminalia porphyrocarpa
Terminalia porphyrocarpa
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of coastal areas in the subtropics and tropics, it grows in areas with a distinct dry season. The star-shaped flowers have a thick, swet honey scent that some people find sickly.
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Terminalia prunioides
Terminalia prunioides
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of the drier tropics where it is found at elevations up to 1,400 metres. It grows best in areas where the mean maximum and minimum annual temperatures are within the range 20 - 35°c, though it can tolerate 15 - 40°c. It is only found wild in frost-free areas.
Full cultivation guide →Terminalia reitzii
Terminalia reitzii
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
Grows best in a sunny position. Prefers a well-drained but moist, humus-rich soil. Young plants have a fast rate of growth.
Full cultivation guide →Terminalia richii
Terminalia richii
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of the moist maritime tropics where it can be found at elevations up to 830 metres. It is found in seasonally wet climates where the mean annual rainfall is within the range 2,050 - 3,250mm. The mean annual temperature is around 24 - 27°c, with the mean maximum of the hottest month 26 - 31°c and of the coldest month 21 - 24°c.
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Terminalia sambesiaca
Terminalia sambesiaca
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
The tree is said to grow rapidly. The flowers have a strong and unpleasant smell, and are probably pollinated by flies. Although this species has been reported to be an excellent timber tree, very little is known about its growth rates, propagation and possibilities for establishing plantations.
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Terminalia scutifera
Terminalia scutifera
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
This species is closely related to Terminalia nyssaefolia Britton, a species found in similar habitats in the West Indies and northern S. America.
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Terminalia sericea
Terminalia sericea
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
The plant can tolerate some frost. Prefers a loamy, sandy soil. Plants can grow on very poor soils that are generally not suitable for agriculture.
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Terminalia superba
Terminalia superba
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
A plant of the moist, tropical lowlands, where it is found at elevations from 150 - 1,000 metres. It grows best in areas where the mean maximum and minimum annual temperatures are within the range 22 - 30°c, though it can tolerate 18 - 36°c. It prefers a mean annual rainfall in the range 1,200 - 1,800mm, though can tolerate from 1,000 - 2,000mm.
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Terminalia tetrandra
Terminalia tetrandra
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
The tree shows sympodial growth, with new lateral shoots developing from buds in the leaf axils. These shoots grow rapidly and characteristically exist of a long, slender, leafless basal part and a short apical part with clustered leaves. This growth model results in a crown with tiers of branches, but old trees may lose the storied structure of the crown.
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Terminalia triflora
Terminalia triflora
Family: Combretaceae
Cultivation
Grows best in a sunny position. Succeeds in a wide range of soils. Plants have a moderate rate of growth.
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