Juglandaceae FAMILY Endangered

Juglans cinerea

Edibility

3/5

Medicinal

3/5

Safety & Hazards

None known

Botanical Description

Juglans cinerea is a deciduous tree, usually forming a wide-spreading head of branches over a straight trunk. It usually grows up to 20 metres tall, occasionally reaching 30 metres[ 270 Title Flora of N. America Publication Author Website http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/fna/ Publisher Year 0 ISBN Description An on-line version of the flora with an excellent description of the plant including a brief mention of plant uses. ]. The plant is harvested from the wild for local use as a food, medicine and source of materials. Juglans cinerea has a wide range, but is nowheret abundant and the population is also in rapid decline. This is caused by the invasion of the non-native, fungal pest Ophiognomonia clavigignenti-juglandacearum which upon infection can kill trees. The infection can spread quickly and already the pest is found across the species range. There is limited natural resistance to this fungus which was introduced in 1967. Since this time reports of decline from different states varies from 27% to 91%. Due to this variation it is predicted that historical population decline has been up to 80%. This figure is also given to decline across a three generation shifting window and to a suspected decline, over the next 100 years. Efforts are being made to better understand ways to protect butternut from the pest. The plant is classified as 'Endangered' in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species(2018)[ 338 Title IUCN Red List of Threatened Species Publication Author Website http://www.iucnredlist.org/ Publisher Year 0 ISBN Description A list of plants under threat and facing possible extinction, usually with brief details of the threats and information on habitat. ].

Habitat & Origin

Origintemperate

Native RangeCentral and Eastern N. America - Manitoba to New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, south to Mississippi and Georgia

HabitatUsually found in rich moist soils of bottomlands and floodplains and along ravines, terraces, creeks and streams in mesophytic forest[ 82 Title Manual of the Trees of N. America. Publication Author Sargent. C. S. Website http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/ Publisher Dover Publications Inc. New York. Year 1965 ISBN 0-486-20278-X Description Two volumes, a comprehensive listing of N. American trees though a bit out of date now. Good details on habitats, some details on plant uses. Not really for the casual reader. It can be downloaded from the internet. , 338 Title IUCN Red List of Threatened Species Publication Author Website http://www.iucnredlist.org/ Publisher Year 0 ISBN Description A list of plants under threat and facing possible extinction, usually with brief details of the threats and information on habitat. ], but also found on dry rocky soils, especially if these are on limestone[ 226 Title Identification Guide to the Trees of Canada Publication Author Lauriault. J. Publisher Fitzhenry and Whiteside, Ontario. Year 1989 ISBN 0889025649 Description Very good on identification for non-experts, the book also has a lot of information on plant uses. ].