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Amaranthaceae FAMILY

Bassia scoparia

Bassia scoparia

Edibility
2/5
Medicinal
2/5

Safety & Hazards

Plants contain some saponins and should not be eaten in large quantities. Although poisonous, saponins also have a range of medicinal applications and many saponin-rich plants are used in herbalism (particularly as emetics, expectorants and febrifuges) or as sources of raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry. Saponins are also found in a number of common foods, such as many beans. Saponins have a quite bitter flavour and are in general poorly absorbed by the human body, so most pass through without harm. They can be removed by carefully leaching in running water. Thorough cooking, and perhaps changing the cooking water once, will also normally remove most of them. However, it is not advisable to eat large quantities of raw foods that contain saponins. Saponins are much more toxic to many cold-blooded creatures, such as fish, and hunting tribes have traditionally put large quantities of them in streams, lakes etc in order to stupefy or kill the fish and make them easy to catch[PFAF]. Although generally considered to be good forage, the plant may cause photosensitization and polioencephalomalacia if eaten by grazing animals as a large part of their diet[1]. Toxic nephrosis and toxic hepatitis may also occur[1]. Toxic substances identified in the plant include saponins, alkaloids, nitrates, and oxalates[1]

Cultivation Details

HabitAnnual
Growth—

Bassia scoparia is found mainly in continental climates, where summers can be hot and dry. Seedlings can germinate at low temperatures and are frost tolerant1050]. An easily grown plant[2], it succeeds in ordinary garden soil[3]. Succeeds in any reasonably fertile light well-drained but moisture retentive soil in a sunny position[2]. Tolerates saline soils[4]. Established plants are drought tolerant, with a root system that can descend 2.4 metres or more and spread laterally up to 6.6 metres[4]. The plant is allelopathic, inhibiting the early growth of other summer-cypress seedlings as well as growth of other plant species[5, 4]. A major means of seed dissemination is a 'tumbleweed' dispersal mechanism via stem abscission[4]. The subspecies Bassia scoparia trichophylla. (Schmeiss.)Schinz.&Thell. Is the form most often found in cultivation as an ornamental in Britain[2].

Propagation

Seed - sow spring in a greenhouse and plant out in May. The seed can also be sown in situ in late mid spring or early May. The seed has a dormancy period of 2 to 3 months and germinates early in the spring. It can germinate in temperatures ranging from 3.9 - 41°c, with optimum germination occurring at 16°c[4]. Seeds have little or no seedbank viability; they either germinate or decay in 1 year[4]. Cite as: Temperate Plants Database, Ken Fern. temperate.theferns.info. 2026-02-20. <temperate.theferns.info/plant/Bassia+scoparia>

Pollinators

Wind

References

  1. [1]Flora of the USSR. — Komarov. V. L. · Israel Program for Scientific Translation · 1968 · http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org · ISBN - ↩︎An immense (25 or more large volumes) and not yet completed translation of the Russian flora. Full of information on plant uses and habitats but heavy going for casual readers. It can be downloaded from the Internet.
  2. [2]The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. — Huxley. A. · MacMillan Press · 1992 · ISBN 0-333-47494-5 ↩︎Excellent and very comprehensive, though it contains a number of silly mistakes. Readable yet also very detailed.
  3. [3]RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956 — F. Chittendon. · Oxford University Press · 1951 · ISBN - ↩︎Comprehensive listing of species and how to grow them. Somewhat outdated, it has been replaced in 1992 by a new dictionary (see [ 200 ]).
  4. [4]Fire Effects Information System — http://www.feis-crs.org/feis/ ↩︎An on-line information site with comprehensive information on over 1,100 species of plant. Mainly developed to supply information on the effects of fire on plants and animals, it also contains a wealth of other information on the plants
  5. [5]New South Wales Government; Pest and Weeds Management — http://weeds.dpi.nsw.gov.au/ ↩︎A website with very well-produced factsheets on over 300 noxious and environmental weeds of New South Wales
  6. [6]Flora of China — Missouri Botanical Garden Press; St. Louis. · 1994 · http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/china/ ↩︎An excellent, comprehensive resource in 25 volumes. In addition to the botanical information the flora also gives basic information on habitat and some uses. An on-line version is also available.
  7. [7]Chinese Materia Medica. — Stuart. Rev. G. A. · Taipei. Southern Materials Centre · 1911 · ISBN - ↩︎A translation of an ancient Chinese herbal. Fascinating.
  8. [8]Corean Flora. — Wilson. E. H. and Trollope. M. N. · Royal Asiatic Society · 1918 · ISBN - ↩︎A very small handbook, it does give a little bit of information on Korean plants.
  9. [9]Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest. — Hitchcock. C. L. · University of Washington Press · 1955 · ISBN - ↩︎A standard flora for Western N. America with lots of information on habitat etc. Five large volumes, it is not for the casual reader.
  10. [10]Tanaka's Cyclopedia of Edible Plants of the World. — Tanaka. T. & Nakao S. · Keigaku Publishing; Tokyo · 1976 · ISBN - ↩︎The most comprehensive list of edible plants I've come across. Only the briefest entry for each species, though, and some of the entries are more than a little dubious. Not for the casual reader.
  11. [11]Plants for Human Consumption. — Kunkel. G. · Koeltz Scientific Books · 1984 · ISBN 3874292169 ↩︎An excellent book for the dedicated. A comprehensive listing of Latin names with a brief list of edible parts.
  12. [12]Famine Foods listed in the Chiu-Huang Pen-ts'ao. — Reid. B. E. · Southern Materials Centre; Taipei · 1977 · ISBN - ↩︎A translation of an ancient Chinese book on edible wild foods. Fascinating.
  13. [13]Medicinal Plants of China — Duke. J. A. and Ayensu. E. S. · Reference Publications, Inc. · 1985 · ISBN 0-917256-20-4 ↩︎Details of over 1,200 medicinal plants of China and brief details of their uses. Often includes an analysis, or at least a list of constituents. Heavy going if you are not into the subject.
  14. [14]A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man. — Usher. G. · Constable · 1974 · ISBN 0094579202 ↩︎Forget the sexist title, this is one of the best books on the subject. Lists a very extensive range of useful plants from around the world with very brief details of the uses. Not for the casual reader.
  15. [15]Handbook of Chinese Herbs and Formulas. — Yeung. Him-Che. · Institute of Chinese Medicine, Los Angeles · 1985 · ISBN - ↩︎An excellent Chinese herbal giving information on over 500 species. Rather technical and probably best suited to the more accomplished user of herbs.
  16. [16]Medicinal Plants in the Republic of Korea — World Health Organisation, Manila · 1998 · ISBN 92 9061 120 0 ↩︎An excellent book with terse details about the medicinal uses of the plants with references to scientific trials. All plants are described, illustrated and brief details of habitats given.
  17. [PFAF]Plants for a Future — pfaf.org ↩︎